INTELLIGENT SYSTEM

FOUNDATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

1941:- First electronic computer was developed

1941-1949:- First commercially stored computer was developed

1949-1956:- Birth of Artificial Intelligence

1956-1958:- LISP language was developed

1963- Start of DOD Advance research project

1968- Micro world program

1970- First expert system

1972- PROLOG LANGUAGE WAS DEVELOPED

1991- Artificial Intelligence could beat human chess master

HISTORY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

In1956 Darmeo workshop of Dartmouth university .Few people attend this workshop of artificial intelligence now they were the leaders of artificial intelligence. They thought that they develop a machine just like human intelligence some investor or people can spent out their money on this project . The researcher can also developed such types of ideas in order to solve  algebraic word problem, proof geometrical theorem  and how to speak english. At this time In Japan a robotics project will be started and it will be completed in 1972 named Wabot1 is a full skilled robot is developed now it will known as Android. Currently it will normally a operating system now that that can be used in smart phones but in japan at this time it just like a human being machine it has its own artificial eye , ears It walk just like an human being and having catch power also. It can speak Japanese but it will not perfect. In this way researchers thought that they can easily thought that they easily developed out artificial intelligent machine. But they can faced out many problems in order to develop these project in 1974-1983 few problems were faced out by researcher . like investor can stop out to invest their money on this project they thought that this project will not go in success path at this time researcher can tell about their main problem what they face in order to complete out these project like limited computation power, taking exponential time in order to solve problem huge amount of data is required. In 1980-1987 the expert system was developed it also inspires the idea of artificial intelligence. It can work on data of specific domain then it can solve the major problem of artificial intelligence that huge amount of data is required. This system work out on specific data domain.

Various Programming language of Artificial  intelligence

Java- Java is an object oriented programming language. It is used in enterprise level programming language. It is statically typed language not a dynamically. It is roboust . It is a potable. It also has a feature of garbage collection. It also provide a high feature to work on artificial intelligence.

LISP- LISP is also powerful programming language but all language are jumped over him . LISP will go to back sit here LISP is good for prototyping. It also support symbolic expression . LISP is also used for machine learning because of its flexibility and symbolic structure. It is used in project of artificial intelligence like CYC . most of researcher also favour who work in field of artificial intelligence.

PROLOG :- PROLOG is powerful language. PROLOG offers in pattern matching,  automatic back tracking and it also provide better method for data structure mechanism. Today researcher who worked in field of artificial intelligence they used PROLOG language. It is also used in medical project in field of artificial intelligence.

C++  :- C++ is related to c. It is extremely very powerful. It is also closed to machine language like binary codes. C++ programming language also provide better programming execution time. It is also used as a time based sensitive language. It is used in AI games, neural language etc. it is 10 times faster than python.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENT  SEARCH STRATEGY

There are two types of search strategy

·       Blind  Search

·       Heuristic Search

Blind  search is also called uninformed search.

Heuristic search is also called informed search.

There are various types of Blind  search

o  Breadth first search

o  Depth first search

o  Depth limited search

o  Uniform Cost Search

o  Interactive deepening Search

o  Bidirectional search

         There are various types of Heuristic Search

§  Best first search

§  Greedy Search

§  A* Search

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BLIND AND HEURISTIC SEARCH

In blind search we does not have any idea about path and cost from current to goal step. In Heuristic search we can find out that minimum cost path from current step to goal step. It just like a travel guide but there is no completeness in the path.

In Blind search it is less effective but in case of heuristic search it is more effective.

In blind search problems can be solve out given information but in case of heuristic search additional information can be added by taking as assumption.